Neurodevelopmental surveillance at age 2 years requires systematic description of malformation, growth, neuromotor, sensory, early cognitive, communicative and functional skills.
Studies dealing with the treatment strategies for the management of Neurodevelopmental Disorders such as psychotropic medications, anti-psychotic medication, cognitive behavior therapy, speech/learning therapy, stimulant/non-stimulant monotherapy, integrative neurology etc. are of special importance.
The Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development is a standard series of measurements originally developed by psychologist Nancy Bayley used primarily to assess the development of infants and toddlers, ages 1–42 months.
This measure consists of a series of developmental play tasks and takes between 45 – 60 minutes to administer and derives a developmental quotient (DQ) rather than an intelligence quotient (IQ).
Raw scores of successfully completed items are converted to scale scores and to composite scores. These scores are used to determine the child's performance compared with norms taken from typically developing children of their age (in months).
The most recent edition, the Bayley-III has three main subtests
The Cognitive Scale , which includes items such as attention to familiar and unfamiliar objects
looking for a fallen object
and pretend play
the Language Scale, which taps understanding and expression of language
for example
recognition of objects and people
following directions
and naming objects and pictures
and the Motor Scale
which assesses gross and fine motor skills such as grasping
sitting stacking blocks
and climbing stairs.
There are two additional Bayley-II Scales depend on parental report, including the Social-Emotional scale, which asks caregivers about such behaviors as ease of calming, social responsiveness, and imitation play, and the Adaptive Behavior scale which asks about adaptions to the demands of daily life, including communication, self-control, following rules, and getting along with others
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